CIVIL WAR IN LIBYA

LIBYA SINCE 1969
Muammar Gaddafi is the Arab world's longest-serving leader .The colonel came to power in a bloodless coup in 1969 against the ailing King Idris. He was inspired by the Egyptian nationalist leader  Gamal Abdul Nasser, who dominated Arab politics in the 1950s and 1960s.
Over the years Col Gaddafi has supported a broad range of armed groups, including the Irish Republican Army and the Palestine Liberation Organisation. Libya's alleged involvement in attacks in Europe in the 1980s triggered US military strikes in 1986. Dozens of people were killed, including the Libyan leader's adopted daughter.
Coming to the people of Libya it was never a pleasant life for the citizens of Libya. They have always faced difficulties leading their life. The colleges in Libya used to teach Gaddafi’s political theories and the subjects what he thought would be useful to let the monopoly continued.
Having the world largest source of oil trading between him and the world was never made clear to the people .Most of the expenditure was utilized in armed and other purpose rather the upliftment of the humanities.
One of Col Gaddafi's sons, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, is seen as having played a large part in the rehabilitation of the Libyan regime in the eyes of the international community. However, his credibility as the "acceptable" face of the Libyan leadership was somewhat tarnished after unrest broke out in February 2011 and he became an apologist for his father.
Conditions of islam in Libya as completely changed in the reign of Col Gaddafi. There was a need a of a complete reform. Democracy was at it worst possible condition. He never ever led any political party to let stand in front of him open assasinations were done regarding this.
Over all as a result people started raising their voices and in turn were supressed by the forces of Muammar Gaddaffi. This was the time when he crossed all the limits and didn’t even thougth the harm what his countrymen faced just to maintain his monopoly. Here came the International Criminal Court which issued an arrest warrant against him for the crime he did against humanity.
DETAILED CASE STUDY
**But what exactly actually happened which        made the people of Libya so violent…..
**What made the superpower USA, China, Russia and European countries to come to this political war….
**What role did NATO played in this war…What made him continue his air strikes knowing thousands were being killed more than the Quaddaffi forces did……
**How did UN and ICC(international criminal court) played its role in stopping this war…. Moreover how cleverly the power of veto was used by china just to bring the NTC in power in Libya and claiming it to be the now ruling party of Libya…..
**How can we link Libya with Iran Iraq and Afghanistan when it comes to the USA….
**How this war affected the rest of the world directly and indirectly especially to India….
**What consequences did Libya itself has to face in this period of time….
**How it affected the oil production and management of its trade with rest of the world….
**How Islam changed in the reign of this leader who ruled the largest of 42 years….
**Last but not the least what are the plans which are still going in the minds of the mighty ruler….
THE PEOPLE AND THEIR RELIGION
**ISLAMIST ARE LIKELY TO BE THE PRINCIPAL BENEFICIARIES OF THE NATO INTERVENTION**
As Muammar Gadhafi makes his last stand in Libya’s southern desert, the NATO(North Atlantic treaty organisation)bombing campaign which forcw him out of power,it is claimed ,it prevented epic blood shed and laid the foundation of democracy.
According to us if NATO would have waited for just 1 more day there would have been a massacre in Benghazi that would have reverberated across the region and and stained the consciebce of the world.According to Dennis ross about 100000 people would have massacred but yet there is noclue for such claims andhad these many of massacred then Libya would have seen the largest genocides since the partition of India .but this we do know
That between 30000 to 50000 people were reported to have died in this war just meant to stop the massacre AMAZING!!!!
Libya’s Islamist rebirth
“Air cargo”was how MI6 officer Mark Allen called him,in asecret leter to Libyas foreign minister written on Christmas Day 2003.Last month six years after CIA and MI6 put him into a grim of wear house in Tripoli called the Abu Salim prison the “Air Cargo” reappeared at the head of the forces which stormed Tripoli. Abdel Hakim Belhadj’s story illustrates the Islamist rebirth in Libya and helps to understand just why the euphoria over Mr. Gadhafi defeat migt prove ill-founded.
Born on 1966 Mr. Belhadj graduted with a degree in civil engg leaving for Afghanistan to fight in the jihad against the soviet union.He returned home finding the (LIFG)Libyan Islamic fighting group, a jihadist group determined to over throw the countries  “Pharoah”.From his web page Minbar-al-tawiad the leading middle eastern jihadist site we knoew something of this persons worlds view.The LIFG he proclaimed,opposed the democracy as matter of religious doctrine,as those who believe in the glory of Islam could be achieved without the jihad. Ideas like this had begunto gain ground  in Libya in mid 1980s,as a combination of falling oil prices and Saudi Arabian support for neo-fundamentalism Islam started to underlime his regime foundation.until 1969coup which brought Mr. Gadhaffi to power,Libya was ruled by the descendants of Muhammad Ibn al-saunsi a religious revivalist. Mr Gadhaffi soon side lined the Mullahs seizing control over mosques and nationalising religious endowments.he evn began to propagate his own eccentric version of Islam.  From 1990 following the end of the afghan jihad,the pressure grew. Libya jaihd veterans began toarriving home to a country hard hit by unemployemnet and inflation.In 1993 libya army had to put down a mutiny which left hundreds dead ad thefollowing year jihadists successfully stormed a prison,in 1995 dozens more died in fierce fighting around Benghazi. A string of attacks compelled the regime to launch air strikes against the LIFG mountain bases.
The LIFG was routed in combat,but its leadership found succor overseas.much of its leadership shifted to London,often after the rejections of it,s claims on security grounds by continental European government,joining hands with MI6 to wage war against Mr.Gadhafi. Elements of the Libyans jihadist movement also joined with the AL-Qaeda in Sudan. Nazin Abdul hamed Nabib al-ruqais one of the architects in bombings in Dar-es-Salaam and Naroibi was a LIFG veteran, so too is Abu Yahya al-Libi,amongs the al-qaedas top ideology.
A secret revealed…..
In 2007 Ayman al Zawahiri now the Al-Qaeda chief, announced that the LIFG had merged with al-Qaeda. In his recorded message, he hailed the imprisoned Mr. Belhadj as the “EMIR OF THE MUJAHIDDIN”. He was in fact then engaged in a secret dialogue with the Saif-al-Gadhafi who was attempting to bring about a rapprochment with Islamist. It paid off. In 2009, three incarcerated Libyan – Khalid Sharif, Sami-al-saidi and Belhadj-published a manifesto called “Corrective Studies in Concepts of Jihad”.
Endorsed by the Libyan authorities and influential Islamist ideologies Younis al-qarawadhi,the book argued that a jihad against Muslim rulers was illegitimate instead, Islamists fighting for the faith ought to focus on external” consparcies by its enemies, the Jews and Christians”.
The deal was done clean shaved Belhdj was introduced to the world at a press conference chaired by sail al gadhafi in march 2010,nodding in agreements the dictators son described the new friendship between regime and the Islamist enemies .more prisoners realese follows the last, ironically enough just two days before fighting broke out in Benghazi.
The anti-state…..
The Islamist now have exceptional opportunities in Libya, evocatively described by one scholar as an anti-state a system where power is derived from oil sales not taxations, through tribal patronage rather than modern instituions. Indeed it is startling that NATO took so long to dislodge Mr. Gadhafi.his ill trained armed forces were only 91000 strong at their peak about a third of thre number needed the expert Anthony cordsmen has estimated to operate libyas gargantum euiptment stockpiles.
Earlier this year the al qaeda al libi realeased a video tape against Mr. Gadhafi-“the false Prophet Muhaamad “.Mr. Gadhafi tured his people into putrid ideas his stinking nonsense, his reckless policies and his stupid idiotic notatios.
Wasn’t this all enough to let the people of Libya to raise their voices against the trend conyinues by the Gadhfi.     
Libya has the largest proven reserves of oil on the African continent. The rebels who are poised to take over power, say they will dishonour old contracts and sign new deal with countries that founded their fighting.

The fall of the Libyan capital Tripoli to the rebel forces fighting under the cover of the north Atlantic treaty organisation’s bombs and missiles has signalled the disintegration of yet another sovereign country. If the mayhem and butchery currently being witnessed in Tripoli are any indication, then Libya is all set to follow Afghanistan and Iraq into chaos and anarchy. Tripoli has been experiencing a wave of looting and destruction similar to one witnessed in Baghdad, the Iraqi capital, after its occupation by United States. The NATO intervention in Libya was done on grounds more spurious than those cited in the case of Afghanistan and Iraq. It was allegedly engineered to stop massacre of civilians in Benghazi. The NATO forces used the now ousted Libyan leader Muammar Qaddafi’s threat to use forces in Benghazi, after law and order had completely broken down in the city, as an excuse to interfere in the North African country. after the rivals and their NATO military advisers marched into Tripoli on august 21 , the capital has been without essential supplies, including drinking water and electricity. Places of worship, including the oldest Greek orthodox  church in north Africa, have been ransacked. Hundred of bodies have been left rotting on the streets and in the hospitals. Hospitals have been bereft of essential equipment and medicines. The rebel forces have gone on looting spree while NATO helicopters and planes continued attacking pro-government holdouts in the capital until late August . as of September 2, the Benghazi –based national transitional council, which has been recognised by west, has not found it safe to shift the capital. Many of the Tripoli’s preferred to flee when the berber fighters from the country’s western mountains armed by Qatar and trained by NATO special forces, swooped down on the capital. Massive NATO bombardment of Libyan army positions has cleared the roads to the capital for them. There were only small crowds welcoming the liberators when they entered Tripoli. The fault lines between that existed Benghazi and Tripoli are widening. The assignation on July 28 of Abdel Fatah Younis, the NTC’s top commander, by rogue rebel fighter highlighted the disunity among the forces that seek to fill the vaccum left by larger than life persona of brother leader Qaddafi.

Radical Islamist many of them owing allegiance to Al-Qaeda were in the forefront of six month long supervised fight to overthrough the government of Libya.

WHAT GADHAFI WOULD HAVE DONE

He is quickly running out of options. Sadly, he has proven once again that it is never too early to start planning for retirement even if you are a despot.

Clinging to the idea that he was still in power, last Sunday Gadhafi “appeared” on government TV by telephone. On the call he stated repeatedly that the speech was live, citing the day and time as evidence of his reality TV telephone appearance. I am reminded of the time I went to a party in high school and repeatedly called my parents from the car assuring them that I was in the library citing the exact book I was reading. They didn’t believe me either.

I can’t totally blame Gadhafi for his desperate attempts to remain in power as Libyan dictator. He would be leaving much behind. For example, it’s hard to believe that he would be able to bring his Amazonian Guard in exile. The Amazonian Guard that has protected him at all times for more than 25 years consists of a select group of attractive women, all virgins, personally selected by Gadhafi. The guard is trained in weaponry and martial arts. (That’s no joke; even I couldn’t make that up.)

Also, he would likely have to leave much of his vast wardrobe behind. Gadhafi has many personas and wears an outfit befitting each role. When he is Colonel Gadhafi, he dons his military uniform replete with epaulets and medals worthy of any five star general or hotel doorman. When he plays the role of Gadhafi tribe leader he wears the appropriate robes – as he did on his trip to Paris in 2007 requiring five planes for his Bedouin tent and camels.

Historically, many tyrannical dictators have made the same mistake as Gadhafi, neglected their exit strategy and were ultimately forced to end their life in a miserable retirement. Former tyrants, including Liberian Charles Taylor, now reside in an assisted living facility in the Hague. The challenge for these individuals, all members of the Crazy Leaders Club, is that there are so few countries in the world that will tolerate their craziness and permit them residence.

Long-time member of the Crazy Leaders Club, Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali, former president and tyrant of Tunisia, attempted to flee to France with his family and pet tiger. France declined entry and Ali negotiated with Saudi Arabia and remains there in exile, as did Uganda’s Edi Amin.

On the other hand, Manuel Noriega, dictator of Panama and self-appointed general, readily gained entrance into multiple countries without negotiation. Noriega recently completed a 17-year jail term in the United States and was then extradited in 2010 to France where he is currently serving a 7-year sentence for money laundering. After his sojourn in France he will be extradited to Panama where he was convicted in absentia to a 20-year sentence for human rights violations. Born in 1934, Noriega will be 102 years old when he is released from his third and final imprisonment.

Ferdinand Marcos, president and despot of the Philippines, is arguably a founding member of the Crazy Leaders Club. Marcos wasn’t seeking retirement so much as he was seeking to extend the vacation that was his life when he sought the advice of the U.S. government in 1986. After much negotiation, he and his well shod wife Imelda Marcos (also a member of the club) fled to Hawaii where they remained in exile.

Most dictators don’t want to leave their positions as tyrants because their retirement plans just don’t look that good. Let’s face it, there are no golf carts in the Hague. It would appear that Gadhafi may be out of exile destinations as all countries on the entire continent of Africa have declined exile negotiations.

For many years Gadhafi funded and armed three significant tribes in Libya to serve as his regime. The tribes now recognize that the leadership of Libya is up for grabs and skirmishes have broken out within Gadhafi’s own regime between the tribes. During the reality TV telephone appearance, Gadhafi begged his supporters to “march by the millions” and fight the Libyan rebel “rats” as a group and not as small groups, obviously referring to the tribal conflicts. Millions aren’t marching and Gadhafi’s authority as colonel and despot is rapidly dwindling.

Like so many other members of the Crazy Leaders Club, Gadhafi’s performance as dictator is now determining his retirement plan. If he escapes rebel forces he will most certainly be enjoying the assisted living center at the Hague.

Posted by SHIVENDRA KUMAR.